A.2. Opstart af installationsprogrammet

The debian-cd team provides builds of installation images using debian-installer on the Debian CD/DVD page. For more information on where to get installation images, see Afsnit 4.1, “Official Debian GNU/Linux installation images”.

Some installation methods require other images than those for optical media. Afsnit 4.2.1, “Where to Find Installation Files” explains how to find images on Debian mirrors.

Underafsnittene nedenfor vil have detaljer om hvilke aftryk, du bør hente for mulige måde at installere på.

A.2.1. Optical disc

The netinst CD image is a popular image which can be used to install bullseye with the debian-installer. This installation method is intended to boot from the image and install additional packages over a network; hence the name netinst. The image has the software components needed to run the installer and the base packages to provide a minimal bullseye system. If you'd rather, you can get a full size CD/DVD image which will not need the network to install. You only need the first image of such set.

Download whichever type you prefer and burn it to an optical disc. To boot the disc, you may need to change your BIOS/UEFI configuration, as explained in Afsnit 3.6.1, “Invoking the BIOS/UEFI Set-Up Menu”.

A.2.2. USB-hukommelsesdrev

Det er også muligt at installere fra eksterne USB-lagerenheder. For eksempel et USB-drev være et smart Debian-installationsmedie, som du kan medtage overalt.

The easiest way to prepare your USB memory stick is to download any Debian CD or DVD image that will fit on it, and write the image directly to the memory stick. Of course this will destroy anything already on the stick. This works because Debian CD/DVD images are isohybrid images that can boot both from optical and USB drives.

Der er andre, mere fleksible måder at opsætte et hukommelsesdrev for debian-installer, og det er muligt at få den til at fungere med små hukommelsesdrev. For detaljer se Afsnit 4.3, “Forberedning af filer for opstart via USB-hukommelsesdrev”.

While booting from USB storage is quite common on UEFI systems, this is somewhat different in the older BIOS world. Some BIOSes can boot USB storage directly, and some cannot. You may need to configure your BIOS/UEFI to enable USB legacy support or Legacy support. The boot device selection menu should show removable drive or USB-HDD to get it to boot from the USB device. For helpful hints and details, see Afsnit 5.1.1, “Opstart fra USB-drev”.

A.2.3. Opstart fra netværk

Det er også muligt at starte debian-installer alene fra nettet. De forskellige metoder til netopstart afhænger af din arkitektur og opsætning af netopstarten. Filerne i netboot/ kan bruges til at netopstarte debian-installer.

Den nemmeste måde at opsætte er sandsynligvis PXE-netopstart. Pak filen ud med tar fra netboot/pxeboot.tar.gz til /srv/tftp eller et andet passende sted for din tftp-server. Opsæt din DHCP-server til at sende filnavnet pxelinux.0 til klienterne og med lidt held vil alt bare virke. For detaljerede instruktioner se Afsnit 4.5, “Forberedelse af filer for TFTP-netopstart”.

A.2.4. Opstart fra harddisk

It's possible to boot the installer using no removable media, but just an existing hard disk, which can have a different OS on it. Download hd-media/initrd.gz, hd-media/vmlinuz, and a Debian CD/DVD image to the top-level directory of the hard disk. Make sure that the image has a filename ending in .iso. Now it's just a matter of booting linux with the initrd. Afsnit 5.1.5, “Opstart fra Linux med GRUB explains one way to do it.